You can create an absolute reference for a constant by placing a $ in front of the column and/or row location that does not change. An absolute cell reference says, “absolutely or always use this value regardless of the location of the formula.” Think of an absolute reference as the GPS of a formula–it is an exact destination regardless of your starting location. Absolute cell references are often used when a formula refers to a constant value in a worksheet, such as an interest rate, labor cost, or projection percentage. When you don’t want the cell references to change when a formula is copied to a different cell, you must designate one or more values to be constant. This behavior in Excel cell references is why formulas update and adjust when you copy or move formulas. That is, the contents of a formula adjust relative (or based on) the formula’s new location. This adjustment is known as relative referencing. The default structure of a formula in Excel is that cell references adjust automatically when you copy a formula from one cell to another. Mixed cell references are a combination of relative and absolute references.

Circular (which you DO NOT want to have in a worksheet).In Excel, there are 3 types of cell references: When you are creating formulas, you may work with more than one type of cell reference. Understanding your options for Excel cell references is key to the accuracy and success of your calculations. In its simplest expression, a cell address is just the label for the location, such as A1, which is the intersection of Column A and Row 1.

In Microsoft Excel, a cell reference is how you refer to the cell address or location. Exploring Options for Microsoft Excel Cell References

What is a relative cell reference excel